Indonesia’s National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) is advancing renewable energy research through bio-photovoltaic solar cell technology that uses photosynthetic pigments from purple bacteria to generate electricity.
The project is being led by researchers at BRIN’s Research Centre for Nanotechnology Systems to harness the photosynthetic capabilities of Rhodobacter sphaeroides, bacteria known for their efficient light-harvesting properties.
Researchers are using the reaction centre-light-harvesting 1 (RC-LH1) protein complex from bacteria as a light-absorbing layer in solar cells. When combined with semiconductor materials, the biological components enable charge separation under sunlight, allowing solar energy to convert into electrical power.
To enhance performance, the research team developed a layered electrode structure incorporating indium tin oxide, zinc oxide and fullerene in the cathode, while molybdenum oxide and silver are used in the anode. The configuration is designed to improve the collection and transport of electrical charges generated within the device.
Scientists involved in the project said the technology represents a promising approach to next-generation solar energy systems, noting that photosynthesis and photovoltaic technologies share a similar principle of capturing solar energy, although they convert it into different forms.
The bio-photovoltaic system falls within the category of third-generation solar cells, which are regarded as more sustainable due to their use of environmentally friendly materials, lower processing temperatures and reliance on abundant natural resources.
Researchers reported that the prototype achieved a high open-circuit voltage for a solid-state bio-photovoltaic device, marking a breakthrough in the field. The project will contribute to efforts aimed at developing innovative clean-energy technologies and supporting the global transition towards sustainable power generation.
